Conveyor belt misalignment is one of the most frequent malfunctions during the operation of belt conveyors. Its causes are diverse, with primary factors being low installation accuracy and inadequate daily maintenance. During installation, the head pulley, tail pulley, and intermediate idlers should be aligned along the same centerline and kept parallel to one another as much as possible to minimize or prevent belt misalignment. Additionally, belt splices must be properly executed, with both sides having equal perimeters.
Handle Methods
If misalignment occurs during operation, the following inspections should be conducted to identify the cause and implement targeted adjustments. Key checkpoints and corresponding solutions for conveyor belt misalignment are as follows:
(1)Check the misalignment between the transverse centerline of the idlers and the longitudinal centerline of the conveyor. If the misalignment exceeds 3mm, adjust using the elongated mounting holes on both sides of the idler group. The specific method is: if the conveyor belt drifts to one side, advance the idler group on that side in the direction of belt travel, or retract the idler group on the opposite side.
(2) Check the deviation between the mounting planes of the bearing blocks on the head and tail frames. If the deviation between the two planes exceeds 1mm, adjust them to ensure they are coplanar. For the head pulley adjustment: if the belt deviates to the right side of the pulley, advance the right bearing block or retract the left one; if it deviates to the left side, advance the left bearing block or retract the right one. The adjustment method for the tail pulley is the exact opposite of that for the head pulley.
(3) Check the material position on the conveyor belt. Off-center loading on the belt's cross-section will cause misalignment. If materials are biased to the right, the belt will drift leftward, and vice versa. During operation, efforts should be made to keep materials centered. To mitigate or prevent such misalignment, install baffles to adjust the direction and position of material discharge.
In conclusion, addressing conveyor belt misalignment should follow the principle of "prevention first, adjustment supplemented." In daily operations, potential misalignment risks can be minimized at the source through standardized installation, regular inspections of idler alignment, roller plane accuracy, and material drop points. Once misalignment occurs, timely adjustments using the corresponding methods can quickly restore stable equipment operation. Proper implementation of these measures not only reduces downtime caused by malfunctions but also extends the service life of the conveyor belt and related components, ensuring efficient and safe operation of the conveying system.
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